Thinking allowed

Advent 4: 21 December 2025

Read­ings: Isai­ah 7.10–16; Psalm 80.1–8, 18–20; Romans 1.1–7; Mat­thew 1.18–end.

In the name of the Fath­er and of the Son and of the Holy Spir­it. Amen.

So, here we are.
It’s the Sunday before Christmas.
In just four days’ time it will be
Christ­mas Day.

We’ve had Christ­mas music on the radio
for at least four or five weeks;
people put­ting flash­ing lights and decorations
out­side their houses
since at least the middle of November;
Christ­mas trees galore.
And the shops, oh the shops …
some of them have been play­ing Christ­mas music
since the middle of October!
They’re des­per­ately trying
to get us to part with our money,
or to organ­ise fest­ive parties
and con­sume more food and alcohol.

But here at All Saints things are
a little … bit … calmer.
Here, it is – mostly – still Advent,
with Advent hymns, and Advent liturgy,
with Advent vest­ments – Advent purple.
True, we have Christ­mas green­ery around,
and a tree over there,
but the lights are still switched off!

And at home too, our Christ­mas tree
has only just gone up, on Thursday.
It’s not that I’m a killjoy,
I’m not the grinch
and hon­estly I do try hard
not to moan too much
about oth­er people start­ing Christ­mas so early –
well, I try really hard not to moan in pub­lic anyway.

But for me,
Advent has always been important
and I love the rituals and litur­gies and hymns of Advent.
But now as we come to the last week,
the last few days of Advent,
the pace quickens
as Christ­mas comes more closely into view.

So in today’s readings,
we heard Isai­ah’s prophecy,
a proph­ecy of a child,
a child who would be called Immanuel.
Now Isai­ah was speaking
hun­dreds of years before the time of Jesus
when there was still a Jew­ish kingdom
centred on Jer­u­s­alem and ruled over
by the des­cend­ants of King David.
In Isai­ah’s time
that king­dom was under severe threat
from its neighbours
and with the bene­fit of hindsight
we know it was going to be destroyed
soon after these words were first heard.

But Isai­ah proph­es­ies that there is still
hope.

Isai­ah proph­es­ies to king Ahaz,
the suc­cessor of King David,
that before a child who is still in the womb
is old enough to choose between right and wrong,
the kings of Dam­as­cus and Samaria will fall,
and the threat to Jer­u­s­alem will fall with it.
Isai­ah gives this unborn child the name ‘Immanuel’,
– God with us –
a sign of hope in the future
and trust in the divine will.

And later generations
would come to see this prophecy
as a prom­ise in times of trouble.
That one day a boy would be born
who would restore the line of King David
and restore God’s laws.

Well, that was today’s Old Test­a­ment reading.
And a couple of weeks ago,
on Advent 2,
we heard anoth­er of Isai­ah’s prophecies.
In that one he prophesies
that a shoot would come from the root of Jesse.
Who was Jesse?
Well, Jesse was the fath­er of David,
the shep­herd boy who defeated Goliath
and became the great king of Israel.
Isai­ah prophesies
that the line of Jesse will be great again,
and that on this new shoot from Jesse’s root
“The spir­it of the Lord shall rest.”

And there are quite a few oth­er places in Isaiah,
and else­where in the Old Testament –
verses and prophecies
that Chris­ti­ans came to see
as point­ers to Jesus.
Some of them are clear,
and oth­ers are pic­tur­esque or even pretty cryptic.

But sev­er­al of these verses
are picked up in a hymn we sang earli­er this morning.
Per­haps you’ve already spot­ted some of them
as I’ve been talking:

  • Emmanuel
  • Root of Jesse
  • Key of David.

Of course, I’m talk­ing about
that haunt­ingly beau­ti­ful Advent carol
“O come, O come, Emmanuel”.
You see, all these verses of the hymn
are addressed to Jesus
to the com­ing Jesus.
He is the one that the hymn acclaims:
as Wisdom;
as Adon­aï – Lord;
as sprung from the root or lin­eage of Jesse;
and so on.

And it’s par­tic­u­larly appropriate
to sing that hymn in this last week of Advent.
Why?
Well, the hymn derives
from an ancient cus­tom at Even­ing Prayer.
Every even­ing we say
the Mag­ni­ficat, Mary’s Song.
And, rather like at this ser­vice we sing
Alle­lu­ia to acclaim the gos­pel reading,
so the Mag­ni­ficat at Even­song also has an acclamation –
or anti­phon as it’s called.
And in the sev­en days before Christmas
it is these sev­en verses that are used as that acclamation,
one each evening.
(Though if you are pay­ing close attention
you’ll have noticed that we sang
a ver­sion of the hymn with only five verses this morning.
But that’s anoth­er story.)
Either way, this last week before Christmas
is just the right time to sing the hymn.

So what, you may be thinking?
Good ques­tion – so what?

Well, let’s turn for a moment to today’s gos­pel reading.
It’s from Mat­thew’s account of the life of Jesus.
And Mat­thew quotes
those verses from Isai­ah about Emmanuel
that we also heard today.
Look, Mat­thew expli­citly says to us; look,
Isai­ah made this proph­ecy hun­dreds of years earlier,
and that proph­ecy is ful­filled … in the birth of Jesus.
It is Jesus who is really this Emmanuel.

And one of the things about Mat­thew’s account
is that he tells the story of Jesus’s birth
from the point of view of Joseph.
We are more used, perhaps,
to hear­ing the story from Mary’s perspective –
how the angel Gab­ri­el appeared
and told her she would have a baby
and how she vis­ited her kins­wo­man Elizabeth
who was also expect­ing a baby
and so on.
But that’s not what we have here.

Mat­thew care­fully tells us
– in the verses just before today’s gos­pel reading –
that Joseph is des­cen­ded from King David.
In fact he gives us quite a long list
of how Abra­ham’s line leads to David
and the kings of Judah that followed,
and then after the end of the kingdom
the line leads to Joseph,
and so to Jesus.

Joseph, Mat­thew tells us,
is the heir of King David.
And there­fore, Mat­thew implies,
Jesus too is the heir of King David.
All those proph­ecies in Isai­ah and elsewhere
about the res­tor­a­tion of Dav­id’s line
– all those verses in O come, O come, Emmanuel
Mat­thew wants his hear­ers, wants us, to conclude
that they can be seen as references
–proph­ecies –
to Jesus.

Mat­thew sees Isai­ah’s prophecy
and makes a par­al­lel with Jesus’s birth,
see­ing it – like Isaiah –
as a sign of hope and trust in God.

And to us,

the name Immanuel sig­ni­fies even more.
It tells us …
that God is with us.
That God, the cre­at­or of the universe,
lives among us,
lives a human life,
a humble human life,
born to an ordin­ary family,
in an undis­tin­guished place.

The God that we worship
is not some remote cos­mic being,
nor a fickle pleas­ure-seek­ing divinity
(such as con­tem­por­ary Greeks and Romans believed in).
No,
this is a God who puts off
all his divine attrib­utes and status
to live with­in the lim­its of a human life
and … a human death.
Just like us.

In the birth and life of Jesus
the human and the divine mingle
in a way that poetry and theology
are bet­ter at describ­ing than science.

And in just a few days we shall be,
as it were,
wit­nesses once again to this mingling,
this incarnation,
as we cel­eb­rate the birth of that baby
and pon­der its mean­ing in our hearts.

O come, O come Emmanuel!

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